Type-writer.



W. J. KAUFPMAN.

TYPE WRITER..

APPLICATION IILED FEB. 13, 1903. l 0'?? 281. Patented N0v.4,1913 l 9 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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W. J. KAUPPMAN.

TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED Emma, 1903.

1,077,281 I Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

INVENTOR A WITNESSES W. J. KAUFFMAN.

TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED I'BB.13, 1903.

Patented NGV. 4, 1913.

l1 sH'EBTs-SHEET s.

WJITNESSES W. J. KAUFFMAN.

TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED Emma. 190s.

1,0?7,281 Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESS HNVENQR www WILLIAM J. KAUFFMAN, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

TYPE-WRITER.

Specication of Letters Patent;

Patented Nev. 4, 1913.

Application tiled February 13, 1903. Serial No. 143,208'.

To all fm1: om z't may concer-n:

Be it known that I, `W1LLIAM J. KAUFE- MAN, of Cleveland, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, have invented a new and 4useful TypelVriter, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- F igurc 1 is a transverse longitudinal central section of my improved typewriter; Fig. 2 is an irregular vertical cross-section, the left hand portion being on the line a, a of Fig. 1, and the right hand portion .on the line 7)-6 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a detail view showing one of the type-bars in lifted position with the key-lever depressed showing the positions of the parts; Fig. 4 1s a detail View showing the independent connectlons for operating the spacing mechanism.; and Fig. 5 isa rear elevation of the machine.

My invention relates to the class of typewriting machines and is designed to simpllfy and improve the action, to reduce the number of working parts and the noise of operation, and produce a comparatively simple machine which may be cheaply made. The present case relates particularly to the operating of the type levers and of the spacing device.

In the drawings, 2 represents a key lever which is provided with an upper recess at its inner end which is in the form of part of a circle and greater than one-half of a circle: The inner ends o-f the key levers are all of this same form and are secured to a `cylindrical shaft 3 having a fiat face 4 along one side. The shaft 3 is provided with circumferential recesses 3a to receive the ends of the key levers which are slipped over it when the flat face of the shaft 3 is turned so as to allow it to enter. After the ends are fitted into the recesses, the shaft 3 is turned a partial revolution, thus locking all the key levers to it and the shaft is then secured in v bow, which face is struck upon a radius with cially in connection with the fact that in my machine the links 11 are bent or twisted laterally in a part thereof; and as their pivotal connection to the type-lever is in a plane at an angle to the plane of their rear portions, any tilting would tend lto cause binding, giving a heavy action and causing wear. The head 10 of each link slides back and forth in a yvertical slot of a transverse vertical plate 16, this slot being closed at the top. The prongs of this plate 16 are forced down into a longitudinal groove in the .bar 15 and hold the wire 13 in place. The rear end of each link 11 is provided with a longitudinal slot which lits over acurved wire 17 extending through the slots of all the lin-ks, and these front slotted heads of the links slide within radial slots in an arc-shaped support 18. Within each slot in the curved support there is a fork on the link wit-h a curved recess engaging a circular head on the downwardly projecting arm 19 of the type-lever 20. Each type-lever is pro-vided with a hole into which a cylindrical bushing or ring 21 is forced, this bushing surrounding a short pin 22 whose projecting ends fit within longitudinal slots in the lugs between the crossslots of the support. These slots are preferably vertical and open at the top, and when the type levers are all inserted in place a clamping plate 23 is litted over the rear upper portion of the support, this plate having forwardly extending prongs which lit between the bushings of the successive levers and engage the ends of the pins to hold them in position and prevent them from rotating. The rear flange 24 of this clamping plate is screwed or otherwise secured to the rear of the arc-shaped support, thus holding all the type levers in place. When the type lever is swung its bushing rotates about the pin which is held against rotation. The slots in the segment-bar are spaced successively greater distances apart from the center toward the ends of the bar.

It will be noted that the connections between the key levers and the type lever are entirely free from rivets or pins. This is an important feature since the parts may be stamped out with their hubs and recesses and do not require slotting or drilling, or the use of small delicate pin connections. When the parts are assembled the intertitting hub and recessed joints are prevented from becoming disenga ed and a smooth and accurate action is a orded. It will be Yunderstood that the links 11 are twisted or bent to successively reater angles counting from the middle o the machine toward either side, so that the front portion of each link will t smoothly within the correspondingI radial slot in the support.

The type plates 2Ou each carry a number of type in the usual manner.

Fig. 1 shows the key levers and connections in normal position, while Fig. 3 shows a key lever in depressed position with the type lever thrown up to cause an impression. It will be noticed that as the key 1ever is depressed the hooked prong 6 draws down upon the arm 7 and causes the lever to rock on its curved face 12. At the beginning of the movement the length of the lever arm, z'. e. the distance from the head of the arm `7 to the rocking point is greater at the beginning of the movement than at the end, the fulcrum point moving successively nearer to the point of leverage as the movement of the lever progresses. This is of value, since the inertia of the parts is more easily overcome at the beginning of the stroke and the lever arm is reduced as the need for it is lessened. As the two-armed lever is rocked, its upper head moves toward the operator in a horizontal plane, and draws the link forward. As the forward head of the link is moved, its forked portion draws the lower arm of the type lever forwardly, which lever is thrown upwardly as shown. When the key-lever is released, the parts are returned to their normal position by a spiral spring 27, which connects the front portion of the link to the key lever; and to adjust the tension I provide the lower end of the spring with a loop or hook which may engage any one of a series of teeth 28 on the lower edge of the key-lever. By shifting this end of the spring to different teeth, the length of the spring is changed and the tension altered. It will be noted that the tension of this spring tends to keep the joint between the head 9 of the arm 8 and the head 10 in engagement, and to draw down the head 10 below the upper end of the slot in the guide-plate 16. The spring thus keeps the Joint in proper position under normal conditions, and at the same time Prevents friction between the upper edge of the head 10 and the upper end of the slot. The closed slot however prevents any deranging of the joint which might occur in tipping the machine through carelessness.

The universal bar 29 extends transversely of the machine beneath the key levers, and is carried upon end arms 30 secured to a transverse rock-shaft 31. The universal bar moves between the upper and lower ends of set screws 32'and 33 extending through the legs of brackets 34 which project down between twoy of the key levers at two dierent points, as shown in Fig. 2. The set screwsl 32 limit the upward movement of the bar and hold it from rising when the spacing lever is actuated. The lower set screws 33 limit the downward movement of the spacing bar and hence limit the movements of the key levers; and these screws are so adjusted that they stop the key-lever before the type lever has been given its entire throw. The remainder of the movement of the type lever is caused by its own momentum, thus giving the quick sharp blow desired, the type lever then recoiling under the force of the blow. The lost motion necessary for the continued movement of the type-bars `is provided by the rocking lever and the bearing of the circular head 19 in the forked arm of the link 11, as will be seen by comparing Figs. 1 and 3. This is 95 `guide which is actuated from'the universal bar, 1s at rest during the time that the typelever is movin in both directions through it. This typear 35 consists of a slotted vertically extending bar having a projecting portion 36 at its lower end, having forked arms 37 loosely surrounding the carriage lifting shaft 38. The part 36 is provided with a short stub shaft 39 which extends through the forked portion of the lever 40 pivoted to the frame at 41, and having a loose slotted connection 42 with a lever 43 secured to the rock-shaft 31. As the rockshaft is actuated the lever 43 is rocked, thereby swinging the type-guide toward and from the carriage roller. As the shaft 3l is rocked by the movement of the universal bar, it is evident that the forward movement of the type-guide will stop when the universal bar strikes the/set screws in its down movement. Further movement of t-he type guide is stopped by its actuating connections; but the type. bar which at this moment. is immediately in front of the guide, is carried on by the momentum; and its loose aetuating connection allows it to move on through the guide to deliver its blow and move back out of the guide before the backward movement of the guide is begun. The object of this is to prevent binding between the type bar and the type-guide, owing to the difference in their centers of movement.

The upper portion of the type-guide s3 normal swings between two stationary guides 44 which are screwed or .otherwise fastened :to 'the transverse frame member 45, these being cut away at 46 to give freedom to the ribbon in its l`lower position. The edges :ofthe type-guide t neatly between the .inner .edges of .these stationary guides, which. ive 1t an accurate movement. i or slot in one of these guides .projects ene 'the top of the guide 44. 4This prevents rocking of the shaft 31 suiiiciently to allow .the type-levers to be .thrown forward into printing positio-n. The loperator is thus prevented from making a letter beyond the end of the line. As soon as thecarriage is moved back, the leaf spring pushes the hook away, and the full rocking movement vof :the shaft 3l is allowed. The other leg 52 of the forked portion of arm 48 serves as a rear sto for a pin 53- on the swinging typeguide, the forward movement of which is limited by the leg 47. The movement .of the swinging guide thus limited in both directions.

I will now describe the connections by which I actuate the ribbon mechanism whenever a type-lever is actuated, and at the same time ,prevent such actuating 'of the ribbon when the spacing key is moved.

The spacing lever 54 is pivoted at 55 and is provided thereat with an upwardly projecting integral lug 56 having a rea-r face 57 which fits against the forward wall of a guide slot in the vertical bearing 58, when the parts are in normal position, as shown in Fig. 1. The inner end of the lever '54 is provided with a slot-ted hub portion, and into the slot is forced a short pin carrying at opposite ends circular bosses 59. This gives a simple and convenientmethod of obtaining a circular grooved hub to receive a forked portion GO of a double fulcrumed lever 61. 011e fulcrum y62 of this lever is within a groove of a small block 63 secured to the universal bar, as shown in Fig. 1, while the end of the lever 54 forms the other fulcrum whenever the universal bar is lowered. Then the inner .end of the lever 54 forms the fulcrum, this end is prevented from moving by the engagement of the face 57 of lug 56 with its guide. The rear end of the lever 61 is forked to receive the head G4 of a bell crank lever G5 f'ulcrumed to the shaft 3in the same manner as the key-levers. The .other arm '66 of the bell crank engages the spacing mechanism which may be .of .any desirable type. When the keyilever. is depressed, as the universal bar is nioveddown, it moves down the block 63 and thereby swingsthe lever 61, the front .end of. .the lever swinging about theend of fthe lever 54 as a fulcrum. The spacing mechanism is thus actuated, as is also the ribbon feed and the type-guide. When the spacing key .is depressed, the lever 61 is swung upon its intermediate portion at 62 as a ulcrum, .and its rear end swings thc bell crank l65 to actuate the spacing device without moving the .universal bar, and without actua-ting :the ribbon feed or the type guide. I am thus enabled to space With- -out the veXtra power required for feeding the ribbon and moving the type-guide and enoe an easy touch is given Ato the spacing I have shown the link G7 as connecting the levers 30 to pawl and ratchet mech- -ani-smS,y by which the ribbonis fed in the usual manner whenever the universal bar is depressed.

The advantages -of my invention result from .the peculiar actuating connections bctween the key levers and the type levers; also from the connection between the key levers and the type guide, and the relative movement of the guide and type levers which prevents any binding between them; further from the separat-ing of the spacing connections from the universal bar so that 00 easy touch is given; from the. mechanism preventing the movement of the type levers when lthe .carriage reaches the end of its travel; and 4also from the simplicity, ease 'of assembling and disconnecting, the small 05 number of parts, and the cheapness of manufactoring.

Many variations may be made in the form and arrangement of the parts without departing from my invention, since What I claim is:

1. In a typewriter key-movement, a shaft having a series of circumferential recesses, a -circular bearing flat-tened along .one side in each of said recesses, a series of key-levers having open circular hubs of more than a half circle arranged to receive the flattened bearing at their recessed portions, the shaft being arranged to be turned to lock the levers tereon and to provide a continuous curved bearing surface for key levers for more than half the circumference of said bearing surface; substantially as described.

2. In a typewriter key-movement, a fulorum shaft havinga series of circumferential recesses therein, each recess having a circular bearing with one flattenedside, a series of key-levers having open curved recesses therein of more than a semi-circle and arranged to receive the recessed por-` tions of the shaft, said shaft being arranged to be turned to lock the key-levers, and to provide a continuous curved bearing surcrum shaft having a' series of circumferen-L tial recesses therein, each recess having a cir- 10 cular bearing with one attened side, a series of key-levers having open curved recesses therein of more than a semi-circle and arranged to receive the recessed portion of the shaft, said shaft being arranged to be turned to lock the key-levers, to provide a continuous curved bearing surface of more than a half circle for the key levers, and means for flocking the shaft in its turned position; substantially as described.

4t. A typewriter having in its key movement a lever connect-ion comprising a member having at its end an open forked p0rtion with a concave bearing surface therein, a lever arm having a convex head engaging both sides of said fork, the member and the lever being in the same vertical plane, and a guide engaging both sides of the member and the lever for holding the parts against sidewise displacement; substantially as described.

5. A typewriter key movement having a lever connection between two elements lying in the same vertical plane, seid connections consisting of a fork portion on the. end of one of the elements having bearing surfaces at both sides, a convex head portion on the other element engaging said bearing Surfaces, and a guide engaging both sides of both elements for holding said parts against sidewise displacement; substantially as described.

6. A typewriter having in its key movement a lever connection comprising an open, forked portion having two bearing surfaces and lever arm having a curved head seated in said forked portion and normally engaging the bearing surfaces, the lever arm and the forked member lying in the same vertical plane, and guides engaging both sides of a forked member and the lever arm; substantially as described.

7. A typewriter having a type lever, a key lever, a rolling lever connected to the key lever, a bearing surface on which the last mentioned lever can roll, and a sliding link connected to one end of the rolling lever and the type lever, all of said members being in the same vertical plane, and guides for said elements for holding them against sidewise displacement; substantially as described.

8. A type-writer key-movement having a two-armed rocking lever having a shiftmg fulcrum and connections arranged to'move one end of the lever in a straight line; substantially as described.

9. In a type-writer key-movement, a twoarmed rocking lever, the rocklng edge being struck on the arc of a circle with a radius whose center is at one end of the lever, and connections for actuating the other end of the lever; substantially as described.

' 10. In a type-Writer,key-movement, a twoarmed rocking lever, one end having an interfitting hub and recess connection arranged to travel in a straight line, and guides for holding the parts in their correct position; substantially as described.

11. In a type-writer key-movement, a twoarmed rocking lever, one end having an interiitting hub and 4recess connection arranged to travel in a straight line, and a plate having Slots receiving the connections; substantially as described.

12. In a type-writer key-movement, a twoarmed rocking lever, one end having an interfitting hub and recess connect-ion arrangedv to travel in a straight line, and a spring to hold the parts in engagement; substantially as described.

13. A type-writer key-movement, having a two-armed rocking lever, connections arran ed to move one end of the lever in a straight line, and a transverse bar having slots receiving the rocking port-ions of the levers; substantially as described.

14. A typewriter key-movement, having a two-armed rocking lever, connections arranged to move one end of the lever in a straight line, and a holding Wire or rod entering grooves in the rocking portions; substantially as described.

15.. A typewriter key-movement, having a transverse bar with cross slots and a longitudinal groove, two-armed rocking levers seated within the slots and having projecting arms engaging links, and a slotted plate fit.- ting in the groove in the bar; Substantially as described.

16. A type-writer having a transverse bar .with cross slots and a longitudinal groove, two-armed rocking levers seated within the slots, and having projecting arms engaging links, a holding wire in grooves of the rocking port-ions, and a slotted plate fitting in the groove in the bar; substantially as described.

17. A typewriter having a swinging type lever, a sliding link for actuating the same, a rolling lever for actuating the link, a key bar, and actuating connections between the key bar and rolling lever; Substantially as described.

18. In a type-writer, a pivoted type-lever having a short arm formed with a convex end, a sliding link in the same plane having a fork formed with a concave bearing for said end, and a shiftable fulcrum rocking lever in the same lane for reciprocating the. link in parallel) lines; substantially as described.

19. In a typewriter, a key bar, a type-lever, and actuat-ing connections between said y key lever and type bar lever, consisting of a sliding link and a Shiftable fulcrum rocking lever, all of said elements being in the same plane, and guides arranged to hold the elements in alinement with each other; substantially as described.

20. A type-writer having a curved segment bar, aseries of links having bent or twisted portions entering slots in the bar, and type-levers having fork and hub connect-ions with the links, the sides` of the slots guiding the links and holding the con'- nections in place; substantially as described.

21. In a type-writer, a swinging type-bar, a reciprocating actuating link therefor having a fork and head engagement with the type bar, a shiftable ulorum rocking lever for actuating said link, and a key-lever having a hook portion engaging an arm of the rocking-lever; substantially as described.

22. In a type-writer, a curved segment bar having cross-slots and lugs between said slots, said lugs having longitudinal slots therein, type levers, short pivotal pins seated in the slots in said lug, and a removable clamping plate having forwardly extending prongs which engage the ends of t-he pins to hold them in place and prevent rotation 1 thereof; substantially as described.

23. In a type-writer, a swinging type-bar having a short arm formed with a convex head, and a reciprocating link in the same plane, having a. forked end formed with a concave bearing engaged by said head and also having a slot engaging a curved guide; substantially as described.

24. In a type-Writer, a key-lever, a typelever, and an actuating connection between said levers including an angle lever having its fulcrum shiftable as the lever is moved to gradually decrease the leverage of its power arm; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM J. KAUFFMAN. Witnesses:

G. C. MGKINIEY, FRANK E. WELLENBURGH. 

